One of the diseases that affect the nervous system is tetanus.The disease is caused by the bacteria Clostridium tetani. which is a common inhabitant of soil, dust, and manure, can contaminate an abrasion in the skin. Small cuts and pinpoint wounds can be contaminated. Because the organism can survive and grow in the absence of […]

Since the earliest civilization, malaria has been with us. They probably originated in Africa (along with mankind) and fossils of mosquitoes up to 30 million years old show that the vector for malaria was present well before the earliest history. The Plasmodium parasites are highly specific, with man as the only vertebrate host and Anopheles […]

Filariasis is a group of diseases occurring in the tropical and subtropical countries and caused by Filarioidea. Wuchereria is found only in humans and Brugia malayi is often spread to man from animal hosts. Infection is spread by many species of mosquitoes like aedes, culex, and anopheles. Filariasis is spread from an infected human , […]

Bird flu is an infection caused by avian, birds, influenza, flu, viruses. These flu viruses occur naturally among birds. Wild birds worldwide carry these viruses in their intestines but usually do not get sick from it. However bird flu is very contagious among birds and can make some domesticated birds: including chickens, ducks, and turkeys […]

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic infection with greater incidence in tropical regions. The epidemiology of leptospirosis has been modified by changes in animal husbandry, climate, and human behavior. Early initiation of antibiotic is very important in acute disease. Identified as one of the emerging infectious diseases, exemplified by the recent outbreaks in Nicaragua, Brazil, India, […]

A flow cytometric technique was developed for detection of amastigotes of the rotozoan Leishmania infantm in human nonadherent monocyte-derived macrophages. The cells were fixed and permeabilized with paraformaldehyde-ethanol, and intracellular amastigotes were labeled with Leishmania lipophosphoglycan-specific monoclonal antibody. This method provides accuragte quantification of the infection rates in human macrophages compared to the rates obtained […]